If we are serious about decreasing environmental pollution, then solar energy should be a part of the equation it isn’t a part of the problem, so it must be part of the solution. It’s recognized as an “alternative energy source”, as it isn’t widely used as a main source of power for very many people. It’s expensive to produce solar panels, and in today’s world, calculators and lawn decor are two of the most popular solar powered gadgets used by the mainstream. So, the burning question that could maybe help solve our planet’s current dilemma is, how do solar panels work? How does a panel harness the sun’s energy and turn it into electricity?

The basic concept of how solar panels work is that they’re made from special materials that are capable of harnessing the sun’s energy and converting it into electricity. Electricity that powers electronic devices that we use in our everyday lives. But there’s a little more to it than that.

A budding technology used today for solar panels is photovoltaic (PV) electricity. It involves the use of specific materials that convert solar energy into electricity. The electricity can be used right away or it can be stored using DC batteries. Either way, we’ve got power!

These materials have been recently developed and they release electrons when prompted by sunlight. Another name for a photovoltaic panel is a “direct energy conversion device”. All of these effects take place on an atomic level without any moving parts.

Photovoltaic panels used to be restricted to space age technology. Satellites and space stations used them for their reliable and continuous conversion of solar power. Outer space has an advantage when it comes to solar energy since the sun’s radiation is, at the very least, 50% stronger out there than here on Earth.

People who live more than a mile from an electrical grid are better candidates for solar power use especially those in residential homes. It’s significantly more expensive to install power transmission cables than it is to install a solar panel kit. If you fit this criterion then solar energy to power your home is a smart way to go.

But the question hasn’t been fully answered yet”how do solar panels work?”, and to better understand this we should know what solar energy is. Solar energy is made up of two kinds of radiation. The first and the best kind for solar panels to function is called “beam radiation”. Imagine you are laying on the beach in the middle of June on a bright sunny day. Feel the sun’s rays beating down on your skin. The energy you feel on your skin is “beam radiation”. A clear blue sky is a good day at work for a solar panel, but that solar panel needs to be properly placed in order to absorb the most direct sun rays as it can to achieve optimal results.

The other kind of radiation from the sun is called “diffuse radiation”. This shouldn’t be relied on for the sole energy to be absorbed by your solar panels. This is what we feel on an overcast, cloudy day or if chilling out under a shady tree. To rely on this type of energy from the sun as your main source of sunlight is far from practical.

So, with this being understood, a bright and sunny location is key for solar panels to work effectively. Beam radiation is very important and most of Western America fits this bill. However, northern climates and coastal states pose a bit of a challenge since typical weather there consists of a lot of clouds and rainy days. Those regions aren’t prime candidates for 100% solar reliance.

Solar panels are versatile in the sense that they can be set up to meet specific needs. 12 volt, 24 volt, and 48 volt DC systems are the most widely used. 12 volt solar panels can live well over 20 years and fall in the range of 12-14% efficiency.

Solar power is still “alternative energy”, and part of that is due to its high cost to produce. They’re so expensive because they are made of supremely pure silicon semi-conductor materials. New materials are being explored and they’re geared toward lowering production costs, making solar energy more readily available to the general public. Cadmium Telluride based solar panels are one of the new technologies being explored, and if these are successful materials then solar panels should become more affordable for the average citizen. This is great news for the environment as more and more people convert to solar energy, the atmosphere can begin to heal.

You’ll want to assess your weather patterns as well as your local utility rates before making a final decision as to whether or not to install a solar panel system at your residence, but the benefits to the environment truly outweigh the monetary aspect. The decision is much simpler if you intend to use solar merely as a backup plan. Energy independence is a common goal for all. It helps the environment in so many ways that simply can’t be ignored.

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